Education Children Services Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Education Children Services Analysis - Essay Example A constructive campaigner is able to work together with parents because of the understanding that working with parents gives them more voice over the progress of the children and great influence when dealing with professionals (Foley and Leverett 2008). Active involvement of children in decision making Having the right knowledge among children is a contested are and with the recognition of the law, values and policies in shaping the activities done by practitioners, they are required to have ethical responsibility during the decision making in order to intervene in the lives of children. Approaches to decision making that is transparent, based on a careful consideration and accountable considers compelling evidence on the effects of interventions on various groups, communities and welfare individuals (Stanier 2009). Training of practitioners on matters related to safeguarding of children makes them be aware of the procedures and responsibilities, and what works well in protecting chi ld environment and during the assessment and intervention of family lives. One of the instances was that of Macdonald that reviewed evidence of the consequences of child abuse where interventions were successful at a broader primary prevention and a secondary and tertiary work. Knowing involves the application of rigorous approach to research evidence and this involves systematic review of the research evidence while having an explicit methodology and placing weight on the research outcome studies. Potential limitations to, or tensions within, children’s ability to shape services Rixon (2008) states that there is a lot of focus that has been put on evidence-based practice which has been criticized as an overemphasis on positive approaches... Having the right knowledge among children is a contested are and with the recognition of the law, values and policies in shaping the activities done by practitioners, they are required to have ethical responsibility. Approaches to decision making that is transparent, based on a careful consideration and accountable considers compelling evidence on the effects of interventions on various groups, communities and welfare individuals (Stanier 2009). Training of practitioners on matters related to safeguarding of children makes them be aware of the procedures and responsibilities, and what works well in protecting child environment and during the assessment and intervention of family lives. One of the instances was that of Macdonald that reviewed evidence of the consequences of child abuse where interventions were successful at a broader primary prevention and a secondary and tertiary work. Knowing involves the application of rigorous approach to research evidence and this involves system atic review of the research evidence while having an explicit methodology and placing weight on the research outcome studies. Rixon (2008) states that there is a lot of focus that has been put on evidence-based practice which has been criticized as an overemphasis on positive approaches above other knowledge types and it is able to minimize complexities that may occur with family engagement. There are evidence from different countries and settings which make it difficult to apply to new contexts

Creative Arts Essay Example for Free

Creative Arts Essay This lecture enhances the creativity of the students by cultivating their interest in music. Various activities using different mediums like listening to CDs or watching musical shows help in having a better understanding of the lecture. Though the lecture may seem filled with fun activities, the lecture also focuses on teaching about the technical terms commonly used in studying music. Analysis In this lecture, I have learned that it is important to have interaction with the students in order to determine their learning progress. Also, having an activity that would sum all the lectures would be beneficial in measuring the students learning curve. Week 1 Visual Arts Description The teaching strategy used to teach the visual arts is methodical wherein the basic ideas are introduced about visual arts followed by an activity to put into practice what the students learned in class. More so, to teach kids about visual arts, use examples that theu can easily relate like cartoons or anything that is related to the interest of children. Meanwhile, for an older audience, use images or samples that apply to their generation so that they can quickly understand the lesson. Analysis Going through the lesson plan, I have noticed that beyond the explanation of basic visual art terminologies and the description of numerous artworks, art appreciation was also included. Art can be very subjective so the interpretation of a piece of art can be derived from ones opinion. Because of this art appreciation can be very limited but by teaching the objective and academic way of assessing artworks, ordinary people can obtain a better understanding and respect for the world of visual arts. Week 4 Dance Description This lecture shows how and why students should learn the art of dancing. I personally like the part that encourages students to craft their own moves to express their knowledge and judgment about dancing. Through this, one can really value the importance of this art form in a particular culture. Analysis I have learned that dancing can enhance or stimulate several types of intelligence including visual-spatial, interpersonal and others. Also, I have realized that dancing is not just movement but it also help in boosting self-esteem and enhancing social skills. Week 6 Drama Description Teaching drama requires focus and self-discovery. Students can use words or images to invoke emotions. To do this, one still needs to conduct research in order to realistically play a specific role. Also, it would be better to perform in front of other people so that you will be given criticisms on how to improve your acting skills. This will also be an opportunity to interact with other actors. Analysis Prior to reading this lecture, I have always associated drama with just acting out roles like what I see in the movies and television programs. Drama is more than what it seems. It involves a lot of concentration, dedication and understanding about different things in life. More so, every part of the body is used in this art form to convey a message or a story. Week 10 Arts and Literacy Description This lecture provides provide children with holistic and meaningful learning experiences. It uses integration to make the change from learning facts to understanding and applying concepts to developing generic skills for living and working. Analysis I think syntegration is a great way to teach arts and literacy. This is a process wherein subjects are working together synergistically to explore a theme, concept or focus question, while achieving their own outcomes as well as generic outcomes. Through this, students are able to value and fully appreciate what they learn in class. Week 11 Thematic Integration Learning Description A simple element like the colors of the rainbow can be used to learn about the different forms of art. Through definition and application, students can determine how to relate one form of art to another. Analysis I like the idea of having different stages in learning. First by exploring, then followed by developing the skills involved and lastly would be reflecting on the end results. Through this, students can have the freedom to discover things at their own space and they can interpret their findings based on their own opinions. This teaching strategy is simple and direct but it is a very effective learning tool.

Instrumentation Control: Resistance Temperature Detectors

Instrumentation Control: Resistance Temperature Detectors Abstract Within manufacturing, process control is fundamental in order to routinely produce high quality parts. Process control is an engineering discipline which can be defined as maintaining the output of a specific process within a desired range. [1] Temperature regulation is omnipresent in the world we live, for example, every living creature has autonomous bodily functions to regulate temperature. Artificially, central heating systems work in the same way, the user sets the desired temperature and the system detects the current state and makes adjustments to the temperature. A resistance temperature detector (hereby referred to as an RTD) is a temperature sensor which exploits the basic principles of science to play a key role in process control. 1. Literature Review An RTD is a temperature sensor which contains a resistive element. As the elements temperature changes so does its value of electrical resistance. It is this predictable property which enables us to control the temperature of a chosen substance or environment. RTDs are well known for their accuracy, stability and repeatability. The electrical resistance related to the variation of temperature is given as the Callendar-Van Dusen equation: Within a basic RTD the change in resistance of the element is small in comparison to the change in temperature. Therefore a bridge circuit is used to allow the measuring of the voltage drop across the resistor when applying a small constant current. Once the sensing element (see figure 1, below) has been placed where the temperature needs to be monitored or controlled, it will reach thermal equilibrium with its environment. At that temperature, the element will exhibit a certain value of resistance, this resistance is calculated and converted into a temperature which is fed back to the end user. Any change to the temperature of the environment will be represented by the change in electrical resistance of the RTD. There are five different construction variants of RTD elements, these include: Carbon resistor elements- these elements are cheap and popular. At low temperatures these elements are at their most reliable and are highly reproducible. Another advantage is that carbon resistor elements often dont suffer from hysteresis. Strain free elements- used in SPRTs (the highest accuracy of all RTDs) and can work up to 961.78 °C. These elements consist of a wire coil surrounded by inert gas. Thin film elements- a very thin layer of resistive material is deposited onto a ceramic substratum and coated in epoxy. These elements are not as stable as wire-wound or coiled elements, and they are only effective over a small temperature range. However they are smaller and cheaper than the standard wire-wound elements. Wire-wound elements- have a greater accuracy over wider temperature ranges. They consist of a length of pure metal in the form of a wire, usually wrapped around a glass or ceramic core. The elements are usually very fragile, and therefore, need protecting with a sheath. The diameter of the coil minimises the strain on the element by compromising between mechanical stability and expansion of the material. Coiled elements- currently the technology of choice, replacing wire-wound elements. They consist of a stress free design which lets the coil expand and contract freely as the temperature changes. The housing is made from ceramic oxide and the coils are threaded through bores, which are packed with fine ceramic powder. These elements are effective up to 850 °C. The most common materials used as RTD elements are platinum, nickel, copper, balco and tungsten. Platinum is the most popular due to it being very repeatable and quite sensitive, balco and tungsten are very rarely used. Platinum, copper and nickel have temperature ranges of 650 °C, 300 °C and 120 °C respectively and exhibit strong linear properties over a wide range of temperature. (see figure 2, below). 2. PT100 Sensors The most common type of RTD used within industry is the PT100. This RTD has an element of pure platinum and has an electrical resistance of 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ at 0 °C, hence the name PT100. The resistance of a typical PT100 RTD changes at 0.39à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ per 1 °C. 2.1 Wiring Variations Two wire configuration: As the name suggests, this PT100 RTD uses two wires. However this configuration does include a possible source of error where the resistance of the connecting wires is added to the resistance of the sensor. Should a company or individual choose this configuration they can combat this source of error by mounting a temperature transmitter close to the element. This configuration is best used when high accuracy is not required. Three wire configuration: The three wire configuration is the most widely used minimises the effects of the lead resistances. The two leads to the sensor are on adjoining arms, in each arm there is a lead resistance which is cancelled out if the two lead resistances are accurately the same. Four wire configuration: The accuracy of the measurement of resistance is increased by using the four-wire configuration. Voltage drop in the measuring leads is eliminated using four-terminal sensing. 2.2 Properties of PT100 RTDs 2.2.1 Precision PT100 RTDs are extremely precise. A tolerance of  ±0.75 °C is applied up to 300 °C, for temperatures between 700 °C and 800 °C a tolerance of 1% is applied. 2.2.2 Stability A PT100 RTD has a long term stability of around  ±0.2% of the 0% value over a 1000 hour (one year span). This test was conducted in special ovens with air heated to 800 °C. This property is arguably the greatest property of an RTD. 2.2.3 Speed of Response Speed of response is measured by submerging the PT100 sensor in water or air moving at 1 m/s with a 63.2% step change (see figure x). Thermo-electra show that the response time for one of their PT100 sensors are as follows [5]: Resistance -element mineral insulated Resistance-element with protection tube and insert Diameter 3-6mm 9mm Insertion length 100-500mm 100-150mm Response time in water (s) 0.6-4 30 Response time in air (s) 26-55 140 3. References [1] B.R. Mehta, Y. Jaganmohan Reddy. (2014). Batch Automation Systems. In: B.R. Mehta, Y. Jaganmohan Reddy Industrial Process Automation Systems: Design and Implementation. -: Butterworth-Heinemann. 135. [2] Correge. (). Head- or cable type mineral insulated probes. Available: http://www.correge.fr/rtd-sensor-mineral-insulated.html. Last accessed 11th Dec 2016. [3] Various. (2016). Resistance Thermometer. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistance_thermometer. Last accessed 21/12/2016. [4] Acromag. (2011). CRITERIA FOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR SELECTION OF T/C AND RTD SENSOR TYPES . Available: https://www.acromag.com/sites/default/files/RTD_Temperature_Measurement_917A.pdf. Last accessed 21/12/2016. [5] Thermo-electra. (-). Sensor Response Times. Available: http://www.thermo-electra.com/en/producten/technische-informatie/response-times. Last accessed 21/12/2016. [6] electrical4u. (2012). Resistance Temperature Detector or RTD | Construction and Working Principle. Available: http://www.electrical4u.com/resistance-temperature-detector-or-rtd-construction-and-working-principle/. Last accessed 22/12/2016.

Fossil Gaps Essay examples -- Geology Evolution Essays Biology

Fossil Gaps â€Å"The study of fossils provides strong evidence for evolution.† (Campbell, 260) Or does it? The fact is that the fossil record is a silent testimony against Darwin’s erroneous theories of the fossil record documenting his idea of macroevolution. The book, Biology: Concepts and Connections (hereafter referred to as Biology), clearly agrees with the evolutionary outlook of â€Å"fossils [being] a rich source of evidence for evolution.† (Campbell, 260) However, this book, along with most evolutionists, avoids the substantial questions the fossil record actually represents. In the rock layers of the earth, scientists have found many fossils (preserved traces of plants and animals). According to evolutionary paleontologists (scientists studying fossil remains), the history of this world is recorded in the rocks that make up the earth’s crust and the fossils that they contain. Evolutionists claim that these rocks have been forming, wearing away, and reforming since the world began. (Halbach, 387) Although Biology often overlooks the criteria arguing against evolution, it still contains the gaps that the evolutionary theory possesses. Among these gaps are the arguments against the fossil record – circular reasoning, reversed geological columns, polystrate fossils, sediment accumulation, inconclusive physical evidence, and lack of transitional fossils. A scientist named Gliedman gives an excellent summary reflecting upon the latter dispute: â€Å"No fossil or other physical evidence directly connects man to ape.... The problem for gradualists [those who support gradual evolution or orthodox Darwinian evolution] is that... these ancestral species remain essentially unchanged throughout their ‘million-year life spans’, yet each of them differs substantially from its immediate predecessor.† (Glideman, 90-91) Biology holds the evolutionary view of older fossils deep in the strata are those of the primitive evolving organisms. The youngest rocks, which are on the topmost strata of the earth’s crust, are supposed to contain fossils of organisms which have more recently evolved – and therefore are similar to organisms alive today. Geologists and paleontologists have devised a geological time chart to show what they assume to be the evolutionary outline of the earth’s history. According to this time scale, the earth’s history can be divided into eras; each ... ...ry tales with facts. It is true that evolution has been mixed with science for the last thirty years, but that does not mean that it is the same as science – it is simply another scientific theory. Bibliography 1. Baker, Sylvia. Bone of Contention: Is Evolution true? USA: Presbyterian & Reformed Publishing Company, 1996. 2. Campbell, Neil A., Lawrence G. Mitchlell, and Jane B. Reece. Biology: Concepts and Connections, Third ed. Canada: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 1994. 3. Darwin, Charles. The Origin of Species. New York: Princeton University Press, 1962. 4. Gliedman, John. â€Å"Mutations.† Science Digest. New York: Hafner, 1982. 5. Hakbach, John. Science: Order and Reality. USA: A Beka Book Publications, 1995. 6. McLean, G. S.; McLean, Larry; Oakland, Roger. The Bible Key to Understanding the Early Earth. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: Southwest Radio Church, 1987. 7. Morris, Henry M. Scientific Creationism. El Cajon, California: Master Books, April 1985. 8. Schuchert, Charles. A TextBook of Geology. London: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995. 9. Stanley, Steven M. "Fossil." World Book Online. America’s Ed., Worldbookonline.com. Chicago: World Book, Inc., 2002.

TRIMS

The elimination of market interventions and more liberalization has a positive effect on FDI inflows. According to Zhang &Yang (2016) the importance of WTO with regard to FDI has been overlooked by the previous researchers and until now its effect on FDI and that On Trade related investment measures (TRIMS) has not been examined. Sane (2015) study suggests that it is important for national governments and for those firms that are involved in formulating investment, business and trade policies to know the effect of TRIMS on the foreign investment. It is the responsibility of WTO member to remove tariffs and other barriers that can affect the foreign as well as local investors. In order to attract more FDI in various sectors, locations and activities the overseas investors are offered with incentives. These incentives can in the form of tax credits, concessions, holidays, export subsidies, export subsidies and accelerated depreciation on machinery and plants. (Shah & Khan, 2016). Milner (2014) states that the most common feature that have been affecting the maneuvers of multinational firms in the host country are the rewards and punishment approach. Furthermore, the main purpose of Trade related investment measures is to abolish such kind of approach. In case of any dispute between two-member countries the WTO has dispute settlement mechanism from one state to other. (Shah, 2010). The decisions related to settlement of dispute does not require harmony among the members. (Shah, 2011a).According to Barry et al. (2016) previous studies indicate that multinational overseas investment is affected by high tariff barriers.Shah(2017a) found that rapid reduction of tariff duties in the late eighties that in early nineties and eventually due to the agreement of WTO in1995 led to tariff jumping FDI. This kind of investment is not present in free market economies. (Medvedev, 2012) With The internationalization of multinational productions competition for FDI has become more business friendly economic atmosphere which is in accordance with the objectives of W TO. (Paul, 2015). By observing the Present & the likely future factors that can affect the FDI movements this will help to create a market that is free of any interventions which would in turn attract more investment (Sutyrin, Efinova & Trofimenko, 2016). This study aims to determine the effect of TRIMs on overseas investment in 38 Sub-Saharan African countries from years1988 to 2015 i.e. 28 years .The variables used are market size, economic development, infrastructure, macro-economic stability. The results indicate that TRIMS have positive impact on FDI inflows. The conventional determinants of FDI consists of Market size, Trade openness, Economic Development, Macroeconomic stability and Infrastructure ability and Quality. These are considered as the main factors that have major influence on inward FDI.Balasubramanyam ( 1991) defined TRIMS as both collection of incentives & restrictive measures that are designed by a developing country in order to influence of FDI.To control the use of performance requirements that are imposed on foreign investors by means of WTO TRIMS. (Collins,2016). These agreements are a combination of both new and existing investments and includes both native & foreign firms. (Shah,2011b).The member states of WTO are required to notify about the procedures that do not comply with the TRIM agreement in 3 months' time period. To eliminate all kind of distortions the members of developed countries are granted two years' time, the developing countries five years and the low developed countries up to seven years. The developing countries that are unable to implement TRIM within the given time frame can get more time by applying for extension within seven years for Pakistan and few months for Chile. (UNCTAD, 2012).The amount of trade agreements that are signed by a developing country are taken as proxy for TRIMS. Moreover, these agreements involve two or few partner economies they focus more to tariff and service liberalization. TRIMS is very crucial for FDI due to removal of non-tariff barriers in trade. It allows overseas investors to freely export, import goods and generate profits. It gives all the investors equal treatment irrespective of their nationality. Impartial investment policies are more favorable for enticing foreign investors and tend to have a positive relationship between TRIMS & FDI inflows. (Shah, 2012a).ESTIMATION METHODShah(2017) used equation one for determining the effect of TRIMs implementation under WTO on inward FDI in 38 Sub-Saharan African countries.FDI it=f(Market size, economic development, openness, Macroeconomic stability, Infrastructure, TRIMS) †¦..Equation 1†³In equation one subscript i represents a Sub-Saharan African country from 1 to 38. Subscript t denotes the time period from 1988 to 2015 varying from 1 to 28which is equal to a total of 1064 (28*38) observations per variable. FDIit is used for the dependent variable representing the yearly stock of FDI in each of the host economy i.† Equation two is derived from equation 1 by using log and by putting the proxies for dependent and independent variables. Where, ln is used for natural log, which also reduces the likely heteroscedasticity (Resmini, 2000). For market size Gross domestic product is used. The gross fixed capital formation proxy is used for development level, aggregate trade represents the extent of openness of the economy, exchange rate is used for macroeconomic stability and for infrastructure availability telephone density is used. The WTO membership and the trade agreements proxy represents TRIMs implementation.Empirical Estimation MethodShah, (2012b) used longitudinal panel for data from 38 countries for 28 years. Hausman (1978) specification test was carried out to select between fixed and random effect and the use of fixed effect model was found more appropriate. (Nonnenberg & Mendonca, 2004).RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe market size variable (GDP) is positive and was found to have significant effect on FDI. Shah (2016) found the results to be in accordance with the theory since economies of scale, opportunities for diversification and more possibilities of making an optimal use of the imported technology are usually offered by bigger markets. Economic development (GFCF) is positive but insignificant.Trade openness was positively significant which indicate that multinationals prefer open economies. Macroeconomic stability is found by the exchange rate. The result reveals that FDI in the Sub Saharan Africa is based more on exports due to depreciation of currency. Infrastructure and quality are positively significant as these are considered more important for the production and trade related activities. The proxy for TRIMS is the no of trade agreements and that of WTO membership is positive and significant which indicates that the amount of trade agreements signed by the host results in increase in inward FDI.CONCLUSIONThe main aim of this research is to determine the effect of TRIMs implementation on FDI inflows in Sub-Saharan African Developing countries. The technique used for data analysis was fixed estimation for the years 1988 to 2015 which shows that presence of larger domestic market attracts multinationals (Shah & Afridi, 2015). Trade liberalization enables the multinationals to sell their products in other countries.The important factors affecting FDI are Infrastructure, trade liberalisation and exchange rate. These factors tend to influence the overseas investors' investment decision because they empower the multinationals. Reduction in TRIMs related market distortions positively affects multinationals due to the resultant liberalisation of the trade and investment environment adding to a country's prospects of hosting additional FDI. Economy development was found to be insignificant due to the relative backwardness of the economies under investigation. These results are applicable to the 38 Sub-Saharan African countries only and shall not be widespread universally to other countries.

Self-Efficacy Example

Self Self Self-efficacy Introduction Mr. John Stewart is a high school teacher at a local high school. He is a teacher and a head of adepartment in the school. His duties include teaching, setting examinations, marking both books and exam papers and preparing student reports. As a head of a department, he cares for many school resources including books. Additionally, he offers guidance and counselling to his students besides disciplining unruly students. His job is challenging. He must, therefore, possess the appropriate attitude to succeed.Mr. Stewart has a strong self-efficacy. He believes in himself and strives to remain professional. His has ten years of experience and has the professional training. He, therefore, believes that he is a good and experienced teacher. He handles his responsibilities both as a class teacher and as a head of a department effectively a feature that does not only portray his ability but also shows his high self-esteem. The school appreciates his efforts. As such, the school has employed a number of appropriate strategies to motivate him thereby enhancing the growth of his self-efficacy. His promotion to the head of a department was one such strategy. The additional responsibilities proved that the school trusted his abilities. He, therefore, strives to deliver effectively since he believes that he is capable to (Randhawa, 2007).Despite such, the school can employ modern trends in developing greater self-efficacy in Mr. Stewart to improve his productivity. Such trends include sponsoring his subsequent professional training in the form of seminars and workshops, improving his pay and promoting him to administrative positions (Bandura, 1998). Through such, Mr. Stewart would embrace the new responsibilities and enjoy the favors a feature that would encourage him to work harder than he currently does (Karami & Maimunah, 2013).ReferencesBandura, A. (1998).  Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, NY: Freeman.Randhawa, G. (2007).  Ed ucation and human resource management. New Delhi: A P H Pub. Corp.Karami, R., & Maimunah, I. (2013).  Achievement motivation in the leadership role of extension agents. Newcastle : Cambridge Scholars.